Hyperthermia is heat therapy. Heat has been used for hundreds of years as cancer therapy. Scientists believe that heat may help shrink tumors by damaging cells or depriving them of what they need to live. It may also make the cancer cells more sensitive to other cancer treatments like radiation and chemotherapy. Research studies are underway to determine the use and effectiveness of hyperthermia in cancer treatment. It's used at some cancer treatment centers along with chemotherapy or radiation to treat advanced cancer. It's not widely available.

Heat can be applied to a very small area, to an organ or limb, or to the whole body. Hyperthermia is often used with chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and other cancer treatments. These are the types of hyperthermia:

Side effects may include skin discomfort or local pain. Hyperthermia can also cause blisters and sometimes burns. But these generally heal quickly. Local hyperthermia can cause pain at the site, infection, blood clots, burns, and damage to the muscles, skin, and nerves in the treated area. Whole-body hyperthermia can cause diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. Improved technology, research, and treatment experience have resulted in fewer side effects. Most side effects people have are short-term and not serious. Regional hyperthermia and whole-body hyperthermia are seldom used in the modern era due to lack of data to support their use. The most common use of hyperthermia is local hyperthermia using radiofrequency ablation most often used to treat liver tumors.